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Abstract
The main aim of any drug therapy is to achieve a desire concentration of the drug in blood or tissue, which is therapeutically effective and non-toxic for an extended period of time. This can be achieved by proper design of sustained release dosage regimen .Various approaches have been developed for sustained release; Microspheres are the potential candidate for oral sustained release of drug. Diltiazem microspheres were prepared by ionotropic gelation technique and different evaluation parameters were assessed, with a view to obtain oral control release of Diltiazem. In the drug entrapment efficiency study, decrease in initial alginate concentration decreased DEE at a given curing time (1hr.) and CaCl2 concentration (2%). Decrease in initial alginate concentration provides lesser number of binding sites of alginate for Ca2+ions resulting in the formulation of a less compact gel membrane which, in turn, increases influx of Ca2+ ions leading to decrease in DEE. The higher the amount of sodium alginate in the microspheres, the lower the swelling rate. The in-vitro drug release studies of different formulations cumulative percentage drug release. Optimised formulation shows that more sustained release was observed with the increase in percentage of sodium alginate. The best formulation was observed as F-4, by the observation of all results of the eight formulations Diltiazem microspheres.